PROFITABILITY, FIRM VALUE, INCOME SMOOTHING: THE MODERATING ROLE OF FIRM GROWTH
Abstract
This study examines the effect of profitability and firm value on income smoothing. In addition, this study examines the moderate effect of firm growth on the relationship between these variables. This study employs a sample of companies in the banking sector listed on the IDX. The number of samples in this study is 31 observations based on purposive sampling. Moreover, the hypothesis in this study was examined with multiple regression analysis for cross-section data. The results of this study suggest that profitability and firm value are not associated with income smoothing. Furthermore, firm growth cannot strengthen the negative relationship between profitability and income smoothing. Also, firm growth cannot strengthen the negative relationship between firm value and income smoothing.
Downloads
References
Aeni, N. A. M., & Asyik, N. F. (2020). The Effect of Profitability, Capital Structure, Company Growth, and Company Size on Company Value. Journal of Accounting Science and Research, 5(1), 2099–2108. https://doi.org/10.24912/jpa.v5i1.22173
Artawan, I. K. J., Putra, I. putu M. J. S., & Ernawatiningsih, N. P. L. (2020). Effect of Return on Equity Net Profit Margin, Debt to Equity Ratio and Company Growth on PROFIT Smoothing Practices. Charisma Journal, 21(1), 1–9. http://journal.um-surabaya.ac.id/index.php/JKM/article/view/2203
Arum, H. N., & Aminah, M. R. N. W. (2017). Profitability, Company Size, and Company Value Against Profit Smoothing Practices. Journal of Contemporary Accounting Research, 9(2), 71–78. https://doi.org/10.23969/jrak.v9i2.581
Benandri, A. N. E., & Andayani. (2018). Effect of Firm Value, Firm Size, and Financial Risk on Income Smoothing. Ilmu Dan Riset Akuntansi, 7(4), 1–19. http://jurnalmahasiswa.stiesia.ac.id/index.php/jira/article/view/188
Bobby, Firmansyah, A., Herman, & Trisnawati, E. (2022). Debt Policy, Dividend Policy And Income Smoothing: The Moderating Role Of Firm Size. Jurnal Pajak Dan Keuangan Negara (PKN), 4(1S), 357–367. https://doi.org/10.31092/jpkn.v4i1s.1831
Brastibian, I., & Rinofah, R. (2020). The Influence of Capital Structure, Sales Growth and Company Size on the Profitability of Pharmaceutical Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Indonesian Journal of Management and Business Science. https://doi.org/10.32528/jsmbi.v10i1.3390
Damayanti, N., & Firmansyah, A. (2021). The Role of Corporate Governance in Operational Performance and Market Performance in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi, 26(2), 196. https://doi.org/10.24912/je.v26i2.746
Dirgantara, H. (2022). Capital market investors will reach 7.49 million at the end of 2021. https://investasi.kontan.co.id/news/investor-pasar-modal-tembus-749-juta-di-akhir-2021
Edwita, R., & Kusumawati, R. (2022). The Effect of Bonus Plans, Debt Covenants, and Political Costs on Income Smoothing (Empirical Studies in the Infrastructure, Utilities, and Transportation Sectors, 2015 to 2019). Akuntansiku, 1(2), 64–79.
Firmansyah, A., & Herawaty, V. (2019). Do Artificial and Real Income Smoothing Increase Earnings Informativeness Equivalently in Indonesia? South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, 18(5), 95–101. https://seajbel.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/seajbel5-VOL18_235.pdf
Firmansyah, A., Husna, M. C., & Putri, M. A. (2021). Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, Corporate Governance Disclosures, and Firm Value In Indonesia Chemical, Plastic, and Packaging Sub-Sector Companies. Accounting Analysis Journal, 10(1), 9–17. https://doi.org/10.15294/aaj.v10i1.42102
Firmansyah, A., & Irwanto, A. (2020). Do Income Smoothing, Forward-Looking Disclosure, And Corporate Social Responsibility Decrease Information Uncertainty? International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(07), 9513–9525. https://psychosocial.com/article/PR270955/19445/
Firmansyah, A., Setiawan, T. A., & Fathurahman, F. (2020). Corporate Values: Debt Policy, Good Corporate Governance, Cash Holding. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 20(2), 237. https://doi.org/10.20961/jab.v20i2.568
Firmansyah, A., Utami, W., & Umar, H. (2020). The Role of Derivative Instruments On Risk Relevance From Emerging Market Non-Financial Companies. Journal of Governance and Regulation, 9(2), 45–63. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv9i2art3
Firmansyah, A., Utami, W., Umar, H., & Mulyani, S. D. (2020). Do Derivative Instruments Increase Firm Risk for Indonesia Non-Financial Companies? International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, 7(2), 81–95. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.62.2020.72.81.95
Fitri, N., Sasmita, E. A., & Hamzah, A. (2018). The Effect of Solvency, Profitability and Company Size on Income Smoothing. Jurnal Riset Keuangan Dan Akuntansi, 4(2), 1–14.
Fitriani, A. (2018). The Effect of Profitability, Company Size, and Financial Leverage on Income Smoothing Practices in Pharmaceutical Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2011-2015 Period. Jurnal Samudra Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 9(1), 50–59. https://doi.org/10.33059/jseb.v9i1.461
Florentina, M., & Hastuti, R. T. (2022). The Effect of Profitability and Institutional Ownership on Income Smoothing with Firm Size Moderation. Jurnal Ekonomi, 27(03), 242–263. https://doi.org/10.24912/je.v27i03.875
Gunawan, B., & Hardjunanto, A. (2020). Determinants of Income Smoothing Practices. Jurnal Akuntansi, 12(2), 178–186. https://doi.org/10.28932/jam.v12i2.2462
Haniftian, R. A., & Dillak, V. J. (2020). The Effect of Profitability, Cash Holding, and Firm Value on Income Smoothing. Jae (Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Ekonomi), 5(1), 88–98. https://doi.org/10.29407/jae.v5i1.14163
Herdjiono, I., Roempoembo, A. B. B., Hayon, P. P., & Ilyas, I. (2019). Income Smoothing Determinants in Indonesia Banking Industry. International Conference on Ethics of Business, Economics, and Social Science, 305(Icebess 2018), 36–41. https://doi.org/10.2991/icebess-18.2019.6
Ihsani, M. A., Firmansyah, A., & Estutik, R. S. (2021). Market Response to Companies Sustainability Disclosure and Environmental Performance in Indonesia. Jurnal Dinamika Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 8(2), 197–214. https://doi.org/10.24815/jdab.v8i2.21630
Indawati, I., & Anggraini, A. (2019). Profitabilitas memoderasi financial leverage dan pertumbuhan perusahaan terhadap perataan laba. EkoPreneur, 1(1), 31–49. https://doi.org/10.32493/ekop.v1i1.3669
Indiraswari, S. D., & Rahmayanti, N. P. (2022). Analysis of Differences in the Financial Performance of Transportation Companies in Bei Before and After the Covid-19 Pandemic. Jurnal Komunikasi, Bisnis Dan Manejemen, 9(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.31602/al-kalam.v9i1.5109
Indrawan, A. S., & Damayanthi, I. G. A. E. (2020). The Effect of Profitability, Company Size, and Financial Leverage of Income Smoothing. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 4(2), 9–13. www.ajhssr.com
Jadi, P. H., Firmansyah, A., Wijaya, S., Irawan, F., Arfiansyah, Z., Dinarjito, A., & Qadri, R. A. (2021). The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure in Indonesia: How Do Bonus, Debt Covenant, Tax Avoidance Affect Earnings Quality? Hong Kong Journal of Social Sciences, 58. http://www.hkjoss.com/index.php/journal/article/view/477%0Ahttp://www.hkjoss.com/index.php/journal/article/download/477/473
Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory Of The Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economis, 72(10), 1671–1696. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726718812602
Lahaya, I. A. (2017). The Effect of Dividend Payout Ratio, Financial Risk, Firm Value, and Company Size on Income Smoothing (Study on Manufacturing Companies in Basic Industry and Chemical Sector Listing on the Indonesia Stock Exchange). Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 14(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.29264/jakt.v14i1.1321
Leviany, T., Sukiati, W., & Syahkurah, M. (2019). Effect of Financial Risk and Company Value on Income Smoothing. Jurnal SIKAP (Sistem Informasi, Keuangan, Auditing Dan Perpajakan), 4(1), 95. https://doi.org/10.32897/jsikap.v4i1.206
Lim, S. A. (2022). The Effect of Company Size, Debt, Profitability on Income Smoothing Practices Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Jurnal Akuntansi, 6(4), 4156–4166. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v6i4.1089
Masning, N. P. P. L. G., Mendra, N. P. Y., & Saitri, P. W. (2022). The Effect of Profitability, Financial Risk, Investment Opportunity Set and Company Size on Income Smoothing in Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 Period. Jurnal Kharisma, 4(3), 172–181. https://e-journal.unmas.ac.id/index.php/kharisma/article/view/5475
Natalie, N., & Astika, I. B. P. (2016). Effect of Cash Holding, Bonus Plan, Auditor Reputation, Profitability and Leverage on Income Smoothing. Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana, 15(2), 943–972. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/Akuntansi/article/view/17618
Nathania, C., & Nugroho, V. (2023). Effect of Company Size, Profitability, Leverage, and Audit Committee on Income Smoothing. Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 5(1), 2001–2011. https://journal.untar.ac.id/index.php/jpa/article/view/22162/13283
Novianti, T., & Firmansyah, A. (2020). The Effect of Tax Risk, Hedging, Income Smoothing, and Cash Flows Volatility on Firm Value. Test Engineering and Management, 83(9675), 9675–9686. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340601653
Nugraha, P., & Dillak, Julianti, V. (2018). Profitability, Leverage and Company Size Against Income Smoothing. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Kontemporer, 10(1), 42–48. https://doi.org/10.23969/jrak.v10i1.1061
Nurani, W., & Dillak, V. J. (2019). Effect of Profitability, Capital Structure, Public Ownership and Bonus Plan on Income Smoothing. JASa (Jurnal Akuntansi, Audit Dan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi), 3(1), 154–168. http://journalfeb.unla.ac.id/index.php/jasa/article/view/477
Oktaviasari, T., Miqdad, M., & Effendi, R. (2018). The Effect Of Profitability, Firm Size And Leverage to The Income Smoothing In Manufactur Industies on BEI. E-Journal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 5(1), 81. https://doi.org/10.19184/ejeba.v5i1.7742
Oktoriza, L. A. (2018). The Influence of Leverage, Profitability, Company Size, Firm Value, Audit Committee Activities and Managerial Ownership on Profit Smoothing Practices. Journal of Management and Business, 1(2), 188–203. https://doi.org/10.26877/sta.v1i2.3227
Oktyawati, D., & Agustia, D. (2014). The Influence of Profitability, Leverage, and Firm Value on Income Smoothing and Stock Returns in Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Auditing, 10(2), 195–214.
Peranasari, I. A. A. I., & Dharmadiaksa, I. B. (2014). Income Smoothing Behavior, And Factors Influencing It. Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 8(1), 140–153.
Putri, M. M., Firmansyah, A., & Labadia, D. (2020). Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, Good Corporate Governance, Firm Value: Evidence from Indonesia’s Food And Beverage Companies. The Accounting Journal of Binaniaga, 5(2), 113–124. https://doi.org/10.33062/ajb.v5i2.398
Ramanel, G., & Susuilo, T. P. (2018). The Role of Financial Leverage, Company Size, and Profitability on Income Smoothing. Media Riset Akuntansi, 8(2), 211–232. https://journal.bakrie.ac.id/index.php/journal_MRA/article/view/2362
Ramdhonah, Z., Solikin, I., & Sari, M. (2019). The Effect of Capital Structure, Company Size, Company Growth, and Profitability on Company Value. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 7(1), 360–372. https://doi.org/10.32670/fairvalue.v5i1.2280
Riswandi, P., & Yuniarti, R. (2020). The Effect of Earnings Management on Firm Value. Pamator Journal, 13(1), 134–138. https://doi.org/10.21107/pamator.v13i1.6953
Safitri, O. V., & Mulatsih, E. S. (2019). The Effect of KAP Classification, Cash Holding, and Ownership Structure on Income Smoothing in Manufacturing Companies Registered on the BEI in 2015-2019. Jurnal Media Akuntansi (Mediasi), 4(2), 224–234. https://doi.org/10.31851/jmediasi.v4i2.7864
Saksessia, D., & Firmansyah, A. (2020). The Role Of Corporate Governance On Earnings Quality From Positive Accounting Theory Framework. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(1), 808–820. https://www.ijstr.org/final-print/jan2020/The-Role-Of-Corporate-Governance-On-Earnings-Quality-From-Positive-Accounting-Theory-Framework.pdf
Saleh, Wahyuni, & Sari. (2022). The Effect of Leverage on Income Smoothing with Profitability as an Intervening Variable in Banking Sector Companies Listed on the BEI for the 2018-2020 Period. Jurnal Mahasiswa Entrepreneur (JME), 1(6), 1234–1248. https://doi.org/10.36841/jme.v1i3.2014
Saputri, Y. Z., Auliyah, R., & Yuliana, R. (2017). The Effect of Firm Value, Company Growth and Auditor Reputation on Income Smoothing in the Banking Sector. Neo-Bis, 11(2), 121. https://doi.org/10.21107/nbs.v11i2.3361
Sari, M., & Jufrizen. (2019). Effect of Price Earning Ratio and Return on Assets on Price to Book Value. Jurnal KRISNA: Kumpulan Riset Akuntansi, 10(2), 196–203. https://ejournal.warmadewa.ac.id/index.php/krisna
Scott, W. R. (2015). Financial Accounting Theory. Seventh Edition. www.pearsoncanada.ca.
Sellah, & Herawaty, V. (2019). The Effect of Profitability, Leverage, Auditor Reputation, Firm Value, and Firm Age on Income Smoothing Practices with Managerial Ownership as Moderating Variables. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Cendekiawan, 1, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.25105/semnas.v0i0.5843
Setyaningtyas, I., & Hadiprajitno, B. (2014). Analysis of Factors Affecting (Income Smoothing). Journal of Accounting, 3(2), 1–10. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/accounting/article/viewFile/6133/5919
Suastini, N. M., Purbawangsa, I. B. A., & Rahyuda, H. (2016). The Influence of Managerial Ownership and Company Growth on Firm Value in Manufacturing Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (Capital Structure as a Moderating Variable). Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 5(1), 143–172.
Sunetri, N. W. S., Ayu, P. C., & Hutnaleontina, P. N. (2022). The Effect of Company Size, Financial Leverage and Audit Quality on Income Smoothing in Manufacturing Companies in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2020. Hita Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 386–405. https://ejournal.unhi.ac.id/index.php/HAK/article/view/2353
Susmitha, R. I., & Zulaikha. (2021). Effect of Ownership Structure, Company Size, Profitability, and Financial Leverage on Income Smoothing. Diponegoro Journal Of Accounting, 11, 1–14. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/accounting/article/view/33076
Tucker, J. W., & Zarowin, P. A. (2006). Does Income Smoothing Improve Earnings Informativeness? The Accounting Review, 81(1), 251–270. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2006.81.1.251
Yanti, N. M. Y. W. A., & Dwirandra, A. A. N. B. (2019). The Effect of Profitability in Income Smoothing Practice with Good Corporate Governance and Dividend of Payout Ratio as a Moderation Variable. International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 6(2), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v6n2.601
Yunitasari, N. A., & Agustiningsih, W. (2022). The Effect of Profitability, Managerial Ownership, and Taxes on Income Smoothing Practices. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 4(10), 4718–4755. https://doi.org/10.32670/fairvalue.v4i10.1744
Copyright (c) 2023 Riset: Jurnal Aplikasi Ekonomi Akuntansi dan Bisnis
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.