UNVEILING THE HIDDEN IMPACT OF GREEN ACCOUNTING ON CORPORATE SUCCESS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37641/riset.v7i1.2588Keywords:
Green Accounting, Green Investment, Environmental Performance, Corporate Social Responsibility, Financial PerformanceAbstract
Increasing stakeholder demand has driven firms to integrate environmental sustainability into their business strategies. Green accounting, encompassing environmental performance and green investment, has become a key approach to achieving these goals. This study examines the effect of green accounting on financial performance, with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a moderating variable. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted using quantitative data from financial and sustainability reports of publicly traded Indonesian firms (2021–2023). The findings indicate that environmental performance significantly enhances financial performance by improving legitimacy and operational efficiency. However, green investment does not directly influence financial performance, nor does CSR moderate it. While CSR independently strengthens financial performance, its moderating role in environmental performance negatively impacts short-term financial results, suggesting that CSR costs may outweigh immediate benefits. The study underscores the need for firms to optimize cost management and effectively communicate sustainability efforts to enhance stakeholder trust and long-term financial performance.
Downloads
References
Abban, A. R., & Hasan, M. Z. (2021). The Causality Direction between Environmental Performance and Financial Performance in Australian Mining Companies - A Panel Data Analysis. Resources Policy, 70(101894). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101894
Adventy, A. (2024). Reasons Why Indo Tambangraya’s (ITMG) Net Profit Dropped 58% Throughout 2023. Bisnis.Com. https://market.bisnis.com/read/20240222/192/1743150/penyebab-laba-bersih-indo-tambangraya-itmg-anjlok-58-sepanjang-2023
Ali, H. Y., Danish, R. Q., & Asrar‐ul‐Haq, M. (2020). How Corporate Social Responsibility Boosts Firm Financial Performance: The Mediating Role of Corporate Image and Customer Satisfaction. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(1), 166–177. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1781
Awaysheh, A., Heron, R. A., Perry, T., & Wilson, J. I. (2020). On The Relation between Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance. Strategic Management Journal, 41(6), 965–987. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3122
Barauskaite, G., & Streimikiene, D. (2021). Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance of Companies: The Puzzle of Concepts, Definitions and Assessment Methods. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(1), 278–287. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2048
Barman, R. D. (2023). Financial Statement: A Tools to Evaluate Business Performance. Business, Management and Economics Engineering, 21(2), 819–835.
Bosson, M. (2023). Environmental Sustainability in Business: Importance and Impact. Industry Views. https://www.techuk.org/resource/environmental-sustainability-in-business-importance-and-impact.html
Carroll, A. B. (2021). Corporate Social Responsibility: Perspectives on The CSR Construct’s Development and Future. Business & Society, 60(6), 1258–1278. https://doi.org/10.1177/00076503211001765
Chandler, D. (2016). Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility: Sustainable Value Creation (4th ed.). Thousand Oakes: SAGE Publications.
Chen, Y., & Feng, J. (2019). Do Corporate Green Investments Improve Environmental Performance? Evidence from The Perspective of Efficiency. China Journal of Accounting Studies, 7(1), 62–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/21697213.2019.1625578
Chen, Y., & Ma, Y. (2021). Does Green Investment Improve Energy Firm Performance? Energy Policy, 153(112252). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112252
Cherian, J., Umar, M., Thu, P. A., Nguyen-Trang, T., Sial, M. S., & Khuong, N. V. (2019). Does Corporate Social Responsibility Affect The Financial Performance of The Manufacturing Sector? Evidence from an Emerging Economy. Sustainability, 11(1182), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11041182
Deb, B. C., Saha, S., & Rahman, M. (2020). Does Green Accounting Practice Affect Bank Performance? A Study on Listed Banks of Dhaka Stock Exchange in Bangladesh. PalArch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt / Egyptology, 17(9), 7225–7247. https://archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/5460
Dechezleprêtre, A., & Sato, M. (2017). The Impacts of Environmental Regulations on Competitiveness. Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 11(2), 183–206. https://doi.org/10.1093/reep/rex013
Deegan, C. (2022). Financial Accounting Theory (5th ed.). Beijing: Cengage Learning Asia.
Directorate General of Pollution and Environmental Damage Control. (2020). Performance Report 2019. https://ppkl.menlhk.go.id/website/filebox/881/200307125734LKj Ditjen PPKL 2019.pdf
Dita, E. M. A., & Ervina, D. (2021). The Influence of Green Accounting, Environmental Performance and Company Size on Financial Performance (Case Study on Mining Sector Companies Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2018). JFAS : Journal of Finance and Accounting Studies, 3(2), 72–84. https://doi.org/10.33752/jfas.v3i2.272
Dura, J., & Suharsono, R. (2022). Application Green Accounting to Sustainable Development Improve Financial Performance Study in Green Industry. Jurnal Akuntansi, 26(2), 192–212. https://doi.org/10.24912/ja.v26i2.893
El Khoury, R., Nasrallah, N., & Alareeni, B. (2023). ESG and Financial Performance of Banks in The MENAT Region: Concavity–Convexity Patterns. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, 13(1), 406–430. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2021.1929807
Endiana, I. D. M., Dicriyani, N. L. G. M., Adiyadnya, M. S. P., & Putra, I. P. M. J. S. (2020). The Effect of Green Accounting on Corporate Sustainability and Financial Performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(12), 731–738. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no12.731
Falcone, P. M. (2020). Environmental Regulation and Green Investments: The Role of Green Finance. International Journal of Green Economics, 14(2), 159. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJGE.2020.109735
Global Reporting Initiative. (2024). Consolidated Set of The GRI Standards. https://www.globalreporting.org/how-to-use-the-gri-standards/gri-standards-english-language/
Greenwood, R., Oliver, C., Lawrence, T. B., & Meyer, R. E. (2017). The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism (2nd ed.). Thousand Oakes: SAGE Publications. https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/the-sage-handbook-of-organizational-institutionalism/book243619
Guo, R., Lv, S., Liao, T., Xi, F., Zhang, J., Zuo, X., Cao, X., Feng, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2020). Classifying Green Technologies for Sustainable Innovation and Investment. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 153(104580). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104580
Gupta, A. Das (Ed.). (2022). A Casebook of Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility: Towards Business Sustainability. Singapore: Springer Singapore Pte. Limited. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-16-5719-1
Hadj, T. B. (2020). Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility towards Stakeholders and Environmental Management on Responsible Innovation and Competitiveness. Journal of Cleaner Production, 250(119490). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119490
Hamdani, Zatira, D., & Suharti, E. (2022). Determinant of Corporate Social Responsibility and Its Implication of Financial Performance. Jurnal Akuntansi, 26(2), 342–357. https://doi.org/10.24912/ja.v26i2.936
He, L., Zhang, L., Zhong, Z., Wang, D., & Wang, F. (2019). Green Credit, Renewable Energy Investment and Green Economy Development: Empirical Analysis based on 150 Listed Companies of China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 208, 363–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.119
Hesary, F. T., & Yoshino, N. (2020). Sustainable Solutions for Green Financing and Investment in Renewable Energy Projects. Energies, 13(788), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13040788
Indriastuti, M., & Chariri, A. (2021). The Role of Green Investment and Corporate Social Responsibility Investment on Sustainable Performance. Cogent Business & Management, 8(1960120), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1960120
Jalal. (2023). Challenges of Building Corporate Sustainability Reporting. Social Investment Indonesia. https://socialinvestment.id/artikel/tantangan-membangun-pelaporan-keberlanjutan-perusahaan/
Khalid, F., Naveed, K., Nawaz, R., Sun, X., Wu, Y., & Ye, C. (2023). Does Corporate Green Investment Enhance Profitability? An Institutional perspective. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 36(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2063919
Kontan.co.id. (2023). Mining and Energy Company Performance Declines in 2023, Look at The Triggers. Kontan.Co.Id. https://www.msn.com/id-id/berita/other/kinerja-perusahaan-tambang-dan-energi-merosot-di-2023-cermati-pemicunya/ar-BB1kPNjm
Kraus, S., Rehman, S. U., & García, F. J. S. (2020). Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Performance: The Mediating Role of Environmental Strategy and Green Innovation. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 160(120262). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120262
Kunz, J. (2020). Corporate Social Responsibility and Employees Motivation—Broadening the Perspective. Schmalenbach Business Review, 72(2), 159–191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41464-020-00089-9
Kurznack, L., & Timmer, R. (2019). Winning Strategies for The Long Term: How to Create Value and Enhance Competitiveness in The Age of Disruption and Short-Termism. https://assets.kpmg.com/content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2019/05/winning-strategies-for-the-long-term.pdf
Magraw, D., Chennoufi, L., Cowling, K., Leva, C. Di, Drimmer, J., Giorgetti, C., Lee, Y. H., Low, J., Magraw, K., Mccaffrey, S., Figueroa, G. M., Puig, S., & Rosemberg, A. (2019). Model Green Investment Treaty: International Investment and Climate Change. Journal of International Arbitration, 36(1), 95–134. https://doi.org/10.54648/JOIA2019005
Mahadi, T. (2024). Despite Projected Decline in Performance, Analysts Consistently Recommend Buying ADRO Shares. Kontan.Co.Id. https://investasi.kontan.co.id/news/meski-kinerja-diproyeksi-turun-analis-kompak-rekomendasikan-beli-saham-adro
Nianty, D. A., Rachma, N., Susanti, A., & Nurfaulia, N. (2023). Green Accounting on Financial Performance with Environmental Performance as An Intervening Variable. Jurnal Manajemen STIE Muhammadiyah Palopo, 9(2), 205–219. https://doi.org/10.35906/jurman.v9i2.1696
Novia, J., & Candy, C. (2023). The Influence of Green Investment on Financial Performance: Moderating Effect of Environmental Policy. Widya Cipta: Jurnal Sekretari Dan Manajemen, 7(2), 65–73. https://doi.org/10.31294/widyacipta.v7i2.15567
Ramlawati, R., Junaid, A., Alattas, S. N., & Muslim, M. (2022). The Effect of Environmental Performance on Profitability with Environmental Disclosure as Moderating. Jurnal Akuntansi, 26(2), 306–323. https://doi.org/10.24912/ja.v26i2.933
Ren, S., Hao, Y., & Wu, H. (2022). How Does Green Investment Affect Environmental Pollution? Evidence from China. Environmental and Resource Economics, 81(1), 25–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-021-00615-4
Rounaghi, M. M. (2019). Economic Analysis of Using Green Accounting and Environmental Accounting to Identify Environmental Costs and Sustainability Indicators. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 35(4), 504–512. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-03-2019-0056
Sánchez‐Torné, I., Morán‐Álvarez, J. C., & Pérez‐López, J. A. (2020). The Importance of Corporate Social Responsibility in Achieving High Corporate Reputation. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(6), 2692–2700. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1993
Savić, A., & Bonić, L. (2022). Analysis of The impact of Reporting on Environmental Performance Indicators on The Profitability of European Companies. Facta Universitatis, Series: Economics and Organization, 19(3), 167–182. https://doi.org/10.22190/FUEO220529013S
Shabbir, M. S., & Wisdom, O. (2020). The Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility, Environmental Investments and Financial Performance: Evidence from Manufacturing Companies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(32), 39946–39957. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10217-0
Sharma, R. B., Sharma, A., Ali, S., & Dadhich, J. (2021). Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: Evidence from Manufacturing and Service Industry. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 10(3), 301–307. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0085
Velte, P. (2022). Meta-Analyses on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): A Literature Review. Management Review Quarterly, 72(3), 627–675. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-021-00211-2
Wamba, L. D. (2022). The Determinants of Environmental Performance and Its Effect on The Financial Performance of European-Listed Companies. Journal of General Management, 47(2), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/03063070211021050
Wang, L., Li, W., & Qi, L. (2020). Stakeholder Pressures and Corporate Environmental Strategies: A Meta-Analysis. Sustainability, 12(1172), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12031172
Yang, M., Bento, P., & Akbar, A. (2019). Does CSR Influence Firm Performance Indicators? Evidence from Chinese Pharmaceutical Enterprises. Sustainability, 11(5656), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205656
Ye, J., Al-Fadly, A., Huy, P. Q., Ngo, T. Q., Hung, D. D. P., & Tien, N. H. (2022). The Nexus among Green Financial Development and Renewable Energy: Investment in The Wake of The Covid-19 Pandemic. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 35(1), 5650–5675. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2035241
Yuniawati, R. A. (2020). Revisiting The Relation between Environmental Performance and Financial Performance. JIAFE (Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi), 6(2), 139–148. https://doi.org/10.34204/jiafe.v6i2.2217
Zambrano, H. L. Y., Roldán, L. S., & Florencio, B. P. (2022). Relationship CSR and Employee Commitment: Mediating Effects of Internal Motivation and Trust. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 28(100185), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2021.100185
Zeng, C., Zhang, L., & Li, J. (2020). The Impact of Top Management’s Environmental Responsibility Audit on Corporate Environmental Investment: Evidence from China. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 11(7), 1271–1291. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-09-2018-0263